Early Diagnosis of Canine Osteoarthritis

Canine osteoarthritis is a progressive, degenerative joint disease that often develops gradually, with subtle clinical signs preceding radiographic changes. Early diagnosis relies on a combination of thorough history, gait evaluation, orthopedic examination, pain assessment, and appropriate diagnostic imaging. Breed predisposition, age, obesity, developmental orthopedic disorders, trauma, and joint instability are important risk factors influencing disease onset and progression. Radiography remains the primary imaging modality, while advanced techniques such as CT, MRI, and arthroscopy may be indicated in selected cases. Early identification of osteoarthritis enables timely management aimed at preserving joint function, slowing disease progression, and maintaining mobility and quality of life.